![]() ![]() Hugh McRae, a Gaelic poet resided near Carthage until the American Revolution. In 1754, James Campbell arrived in Cumberland County and established three Presbyterian churches: Longstreet, located on the present-day Fort Bragg Army base Old Bluff, near modern-day Wade and Barbecue in western Harnett County. While in Scotland in 1745, Flora McDonald helped save the life of Bonnie Prince Charlie, and from 1774 to 1778, she later resided with her husband, Alan, in the Barbecue community of Harnett County. Some important eighteenth-century Highland Scots in North Carolina were Flora McDonald, John McRae, and James Campbell. Estate records probated in the eighteenth century also reveal that there were a few Highland Scots who owned land in North Carolina as well as Scotland. ![]() Also, during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries Highland families in North Carolina did exchange letters with family’s members in Scotland. Unlike Highlanders in other colonies, those in North Carolina intermarried with Lowland Scots. The 1790 US census lists 150 inhabitants of the Upper Cape Fear Valley who named Scotland as their birthplace. The Lowland Scots who migrated from Scotland to North Carolina in the eighteenth century primarily settled in the Lower Cape Fear region, around Wilmington. Although many preferred to live outside of Cross Creek, they actively traded in the river town. The early Scots raised livestock, including sheep and swine, and grew wheat and corn while some worked in the naval stores industry. Highland settlements were numerous in this region during the eighteenth century, and evidence of them can be seen today in Anson, Bladen, Moore, Cumberland, Richland, Scotland, and Robeson counties. In 1754, enterprising merchants from Wilmington had settled Cross Creek, an interior town on the Cape Fear River, so many Highlanders dwelled near the small creeks flowing into the river. Arriving in Wilmington, most who came had obtained a land grant from the government to settle in the Upper Cape Fear region, because they knew many parts of the Lower Cape Fear had been settled. In the late nineteenth century, officials promoted working with North Carolina timber among the Highland Scots but few enjoyed the work, so only a small number came to do so.Īlthough their exact numbers are unknown, records reveal that countless Highland Scots migrated to North Carolina during the colonial period. Many chose therefore to settle mainly in North Carolina, yet many sailed to New York, New Jersey, Georgia, and Canada. ![]() Also, the Highland evictions, beginning in the 1700s and continuing to the 1800s, forced many Scots to give up their land so that sheep could be raised. Subsequent offers by Johnston attracted Highland Scots to North Carolina primarily for economic and political reasons, for in Scotland, they had difficulties paying the increasing land rents and had experienced defeat against the English at the Battle of Culloden in 1745. In 1739, Gabriel Johnston, royal governor of North Carolina and native Scotsman, encouraged 360 Highland Scots to settle in North Carolina and later provided them a ten-year tax exemption for doing so. When the Highland Scots migrated to America, North Carolina was a more popular place to settle than any of the other colonies. ![]()
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